Iron Mountain is a small, isolated butte located in north central Santa Rosa County, Florida. Its ascending stratigraphic profile within the undifferentiated Citronelle Formation (Upper Pliocene) reflects a sea level regression from estuarine and lagoonal silts and clays to nearshore marginal marine quartz-sands. Superimposed on the upper few meters of the section is a lateritic profile capped by an iron oxide ferricrete. The laterite layer did not form from top-down soil weathering processes, but rather as a result of the movement of anoxic, acidic groundwater through the subsurface. Sea level withdrawal from the area coincided with the oxidation of the iron-rich groundwater and resulted in the cementation of the quartz sands in the subsurface. The eventual erosion and removal of the overlying Pleistocene siliciclastic sediments subsequently exposed the ferricrete. The uneven lateral coverage provided by the ferricrete cap has contributed to the formation of the Iron Mountain butte. Today, the ferruginized sediment cap has reduced erosion to the underlying silts and clays, and enhanced the development of this topographic feature. Iron Mountain represents the end state in the development of an inverted groundwater table relief feature and is comparable to similar features developed in Australia, India, and Africa.